Health insurance is designed to protect against loss of income and expenses for medical care. There are two broad categories of health insurance
policies: disability income policies and medical expense policies. Disability income policies can also be referred to as loss of income, loss of time or replacement income. This type of policy will pay benefits to an insured who is disabled and can no longer work to earn a regular income. Payments can be weekly or monthly depending on the policy.

Medical expense policies are represented by a wide range of coverage from very minimal to comprehensive packages with multiple coverage. Some include both accidents and illnesses, various hospital expenses and other costs pertaining to medical care such as accident and sickness policies, hospital-stay policies, basic medical expense policies and major medical expense policies.

Any of these policies might cover various combinations of the above and may be paid in a lump sum. Some policies cover only accidents and not illness. As you might imagine, policies like this are very specific about what is considered an accident. It is important to understand what is defined as an accident as it pertains to the health insurance industry: an accident is an event that is unforeseen and unintended. Accident benefits are most commonly paid for accidental loss of life, accidental loss of limb or sight, loss of time and income, hospital expenses, surgical expenses, and medical expenses like visits to the doctor.

Accidental death benefit can also be referred to as ”principal sum.” This type of coverage should not be confused with life insurance. There is a world of difference between the two. Life insurance policies will generally be paid regardless of the cause of death. An accidental benefit is paid only if the death is accidental as opposed to a death by natural causes or illness.

The primary beneficiary is the first person in line to receive the benefit in the event of the death of the policy holder. The policy owner can also name a second beneficiary who would receive the benefit in the event the primary beneficiary dies before the insured. Some policies can include a third beneficiary who would be in line after the first two.

Most of the health insurance plans are got by going through the employer. These days most companies provide health insurance to its employees through a group plan. As most of the employees will be covered through a group, the premium for health insurance comes down. Many of these plans are designed not only to cover the employee but also the family members of the employee. Although this increases the premium paid out, the plan covers the entire family thereby increasing the benefits of the plan. To go by this route through the employer, one needs to check with the department of human resources in the company and check the policy of the company towards health insurance. Every employee should be able to begin an individual health insurance plan through the group scheme at any point of time during the tenure with the company. If you are in between jobs and were previously covered by your employer in the earlier job, the COBRA law entitles you health insurance coverage continued from the coverage you had on the earlier job. This law is passed by the government to protect your health interests and will provide you health insurance although the premium might be increased from what it was earlier. If the insurance coverage was extended to the entire family, the law will permit the continuance of the full coverage for a particular period. However, there are many millions of people in America who are not covered through a group health plan provided by an employer. For such people, the insurance companies offer individual plans. The people under this are mostly those who are self-employed or people who are not provide with health insurance by the employer or those who do not qualify for aid from the government health insurance like Medicaid or Medicare. However, these individual plans are dearer in comparison to the premium paid in the group insurance plans. These plans can also cover other family members by paying extra premium. Getting an individual plan is quite easy as most of the insurance companies provide these plans. One can search through the internet also for more information on these plans. Some sites might help you get a comparison in terms of pricing and other details between various plans.